Mammoths, Mastodonts, and Elephants（ISBN=9780521456913） 英文原版 pdf 下载 txt 阿里云 lit rtf azw3 免费

　　The diminishing populations of African and Asian elephants

call to mind the extinctions of other elephantlike species, such as

mammoths and mastodons, that occurred more than 10000 years ago.

The purpose of this book is to examine the ecology and behaviour of

modern elephants to create models for reconstructing the lives and

deaths of extinct mammoths and mastodons. The sources for these

models are long-term continuing studies of elephants in Zimbabwe,

Africa. These models are clearly described with respect to the

anatomical, behavioural, and ecological similarities between past

and present proboscideans. The implications of these similarities

for the lives and deaths of mammoths and mastodons are explored in

detail. The importance of this book is primarily its unifying

perspective on living and extinct proboscideans: The fossil record

is as carefully examined as is the natural history of surviving

elephants. Dr Haynes's studies of the situations in which African

elephants die (sometimes in great numbers) are unique and can

provide crucial insights into ancient proboscidean bone

collections.

Preface

Acknowledgements

Part I. Proboscidean Flesh and Bones

　1. Taxonomy: classification of fossil and living forms

　2. Physical appearance: mammoths, mastodonts, and modern

elephants

　3. A referential model for understanding mammoths and mastodonts:

social structure and habit use by modern elephants

Part II. Actualistic Studies of Proboscidean Mortality

　4. Actualistic studies of mass deaths

　5. Actualistic studies of mass kills

Part III. The Fossil Record

　6. Finding meaning in proboscidean sites: the world fossil

record

　7. Extinction in North America at the end of the Pleistocene

Appendix

References

Index

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书籍介绍

The diminishing population of African and Asian elephants can be compared to the extinction of other elephant-like species, such as mammoths and mastodonts, which occurred more than ten thousand years ago. The purpose of this book is to use the ecology and behavior of modern elephants to create models for reconstructing the life and death of extinct mammoths and mastodonts. The source of the models is a long-term and continuing study of elephants in Zimbabwe, Africa. These models are clearly described with respect to the anatomical, behavioral, and ecological similarities between past and present proboscideans. The implications of these similarities on the life and death of mammoths and mastodonts is explored in detail. The importance of this book is primarily its unifying perspective on living and extinct proboscideans: the fossil record is closely examined and compared to the natural history of surviving elephants. Dr. Haynes's studies of the places where African elephants die (so-called elephant burial grounds) are unique.